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PVC (vinyl) is commonly used for clear lamination films as well as white media is commonly used for decals. It is typically used on printed white vinyl for a vehicle wrap, and the extra clear layer provides extra durability and resistance to the fading effects of UV light on printed or colored media. Depending on the type of plasticizer additive, PVC may be classified as monomeric or polymeric vinyl. The characteristics of the two are slightly different, the flexibility of the monomer is less, and the outdoor life is shorter.
Laminate films can be used for a variety of purposes and are usually a mixture of protection and enhanced appearance. The thickness of the top laminate film is typically between about 24 and 100 microns. Cold, "hot assisted" and hot adhesives are available for laminates. Cold glue is pressure sensitive and can be used on media that may be heat sensitive, such as vehicle wrap vinyl.
Heating Assist In the laminator there is at least one heated roll running at around 60˚C. For general single-sided lamination of paper, cardboard, Dibond, etc. Typically, pressure-sensitive laminating adhesives can also be applied with heat, softening them and helping them adhere to uneven surfaces, with less chance of silver glare due to air bubbles. When air is passed through the laminate, the air bubbles usually disappear in about 48 hours.
The "thermal" term strictly refers to double-sided packages operating at 130˚C. However, many refer to any heated lamination process as thermal. Today, many laminated films are made from a plastic called biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP). BOPP is basically polypropylene stretched in two directions, which increases strength, water resistance, and sometimes clarity.